83.040.01 (Raw materials for rubber and plastics i 标准查询与下载

ASTM D6038-14 采用沉降温度40;浊点41测定树脂/溶剂混合物兼容性的标准试验方法

5.1 These test methods provide a means of determining the compatibility of a resin (or vehicle), at low concentrations, in a high boiling ink solvent. 5.2 Resin-solvent mixtures that exhibit a high precipitation temperature are less compatible than those exhibiting a low precipitation temperature. 5.3 Resin-solvent mixtures that exhibit precipitation temperatures at or close to the cloud point of the pure solvent are considered infinitely compatible or the resin is infinitely soluble in that solvent. 1.1 These test methods cover the manual and automatic procedures for testing the compatibility of lithographic ink resins in high boiling ink solvents by precipitation temperature (cloud point) in a range from 35 to 210°C. 1.2 The manual procedure in this test method uses laboratory equipment generally available in a normal, well-equipped laboratory. The automated procedure uses a programmable cloudpoint tester. 1.3 This test method is for use with ink resins intended mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of resins are typically, but not limited to C9 aromatic hydrocarbon resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol or glycerol esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic anhydride modified-rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins such as gilsonite. 1.4 A resin solution or ink vehicle could also be used in this test instead of the resin. 1.5 The typical high boiling solvents to be used are C12 to C16 petroleum distillates. 1.6 To avoid fire or injury, or both, to the operator, this test method should not be used with low flash point solvents such as toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents used should be 60°C as determined by Test Method D56. Note 1—Users of this test method should be aware that the flash point of many solvents used for this test (as defined in Test Methods D56 and D1310) is exceeded in the heating cycle of this test method. Safety precautions should be taken since there is the potential for vapor ignition. The method outlined should be done in a shielded exhaust hood, where there is access to a fire extinguisher if needed. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Determining the Compatibility of Resin/Solvent Mixtures by Precipitation Temperature 40;Cloud Point41;

ASTM D6099-13 聚氨酯原材料的标准试验方法: 中等至高等酸度芳香族异氰酸酯酸度的测定

5.1 This test method can be used for research or for quality control to characterize aromatic isocyanates and prepolymers of moderate to high acidity. Acidity correlates with performance in some polyurethane systems. 1.1 This test method determines the acidity, expressed as parts per million (ppm) of HCl, in aromatic isocyanate samples of greater than 100–ppm acidity. The test method is applicable to products derived from toluene diisocyanate and methylene-bis-(4–phenylisocyanate) (see Note 1).Note 1—This test method is equivalent to ISO 14898, Test Method A.

Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Acidity in Moderate to High Acidity Aromatic Isocyanates

ASTM D6099-08 聚氨酯原材料的标准试验方法:中酸度至高酸度芳香异氰酸酯酸度的测定

This test method can be used for research or for quality control to characterize aromatic isocyanates and prepolymers of moderate to high acidity. Acidity correlates with performance in some polyurethane systems.1.1 This test method determines the acidity, expressed as parts per million (ppm) of HCl, in aromatic isocyanate samples of greater than 100–ppm acidity. The test method is applicable to products derived from toluene diisocyanate and methylene-bis-(4–phenylisocyanate) (see Note 1). Note 18212;This test method is equivalent to ISO 14898, Test Method A.

Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Acidity in Moderate to High Acidity Aromatic Isocyanates

ASTM D7253-06(2011)e1 聚氨酯原材料的标准试验方法.聚醚多元醇酸度(酸值)的测定

This test method is suitable for quality control, as a specification test, and for research. Acid numbers indicate the extent of any neutralization reaction of the polyol with acids. The results of this method measure batch-to-batch uniformity and are used as correction factors in calculating true hydroxyl numbers.1.1 This test method measures the acidic constituents in polyether polyols and reports the results as acid number. The typical acid number range is 0-0.1 mg KOH/g sample. (See Note 1.) 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 18212;There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Acidity as Acid Number for Polyether Polyols

ASTM D5948-05(2012) 热固性模铸化合物的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the basic properties of thermoset molding compounds and the test methods used to establish the properties. 1.2 Classification???Molding thermosetting plastic compounds shall be of the following resins and are covered by the individual specification sheets (see 5.1 and Annex A1-Annex A8). Resin Phenolic, cellulose filled Phenolic, mineral/glass filled Melamine Polyester Diallyl iso-phthalate Diallyl ortho-phthalate Silicone Epoxy Note 1???There is no equivalent ISO standard. 1.3 Order of Precedence???In the event of a conflict between the text of this specification and the references cited in Section 2 (except for related specification sheets), the text of this specification takes precedence. Nothing in this specification, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 1.4 The values s......

Standard Specification for Molding Compounds, Thermosetting

ASTM D6038-05 用沉降温度测定树脂/溶剂混合物兼容性的标准试验方法(始凝点)

These test methods provide a means of determining the compatibility of a resin (or vehicle), at low concentrations, in a high boiling ink solvent. Resin-solvent mixtures that exhibit a high precipitation temperature are less compatible than those exhibiting a low precipitation temperature. Resin-solvent mixtures that exhibit precipitation temperatures at or close to the cloud point of the pure solvent are considered infinitely compatible or the resin is infinitely soluble in that solvent. 1.1 These test methods cover the manual and automatic procedures for testing the compatibility of lithographic ink resins in high boiling ink solvents by precipitation temperature (cloud point) in a range from 35 to 210C.1.2 The manual procedure in this test method uses laboratory equipment generally available in a normal, well-equipped laboratory. The automated procedure uses the Chemotronic Cloudpoint Tester. 1.3 This test method is for use with ink resins intended mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of resins are typically, but not limited to C9 aromatic hydrocarbon resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol or glycerol esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic anhydride modified-rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins such as gilsonite.1.4 A resin solution or ink vehicle could also be used in this test instead of the resin.1.5 The typical high boiling solvents to be used are C12 to C16 petroleum distillates.1.6 To avoid fire or injury, or both, to the operator, this test method should not be used with low flash point solvents such as toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents used should be 60176; (140176;F) as determined by Test Method D 56. Users of this test method should be aware that the flash point of many solvents used for this test (as defined in Test Methods D 56 and D 1310) is exceeded in the heating cycle of this test method. Safety precautions should be taken since there is the potential for vapor ignition. The method outlined should be done in a shielded exhaust hood, where there is access to a fire extinguisher if needed.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Determining the Compatibility of Resin/Solvent Mixtures by Precipitation Temperature (Cloud Point

ASTM D6038-05e1 用沉降温度测定树脂/溶剂混合物兼容性的标准试验方法(始凝点)

These test methods provide a means of determining the compatibility of a resin (or vehicle), at low concentrations, in a high boiling ink solvent. Resin-solvent mixtures that exhibit a high precipitation temperature are less compatible than those exhibiting a low precipitation temperature. Resin-solvent mixtures that exhibit precipitation temperatures at or close to the cloud point of the pure solvent are considered infinitely compatible or the resin is infinitely soluble in that solvent. 1.1 These test methods cover the manual and automatic procedures for testing the compatibility of lithographic ink resins in high boiling ink solvents by precipitation temperature (cloud point) in a range from 35 to 210°C. 1.2 The manual procedure in this test method uses laboratory equipment generally available in a normal, well-equipped laboratory. The automated procedure uses the Chemotronic Cloudpoint Tester. 1.3 This test method is for use with ink resins intended mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of resins are typically, but not limited to C9 aromatic hydrocarbon resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol or glycerol esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic anhydride modified-rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins such as gilsonite. 1.4 A resin solution or ink vehicle could also be used in this test instead of the resin. 1.5 The typical high boiling solvents to be used are C12 to C16 petroleum distillates. 1.6 To avoid fire or injury, or both, to the operator, this test method should not be used with low flash point solvents such as toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents used should be 60°C (140°F) as determined by Test Method D 56. Note 18212;Users of this test method should be aware that the flash point of many solvents used for this test (as defined in Test Methods D 56 and D 1310) is exceeded in the heating cycle of this test method. Safety precautions should be taken since there is the potential for vapor ignition. The method outlined should be done in a shielded exhaust hood, where there is access to a fire extinguisher if needed. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Determining the Compatibility of Resin/Solvent Mixtures by Precipitation Temperature (Cloud Point)

ASTM D5948-05e1 热固性模铸化合物的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the basic properties of thermoset molding compounds and the test methods used to establish the properties.1.2 ClassificationMolding thermosetting plastic compounds shall be of the following resins and are covered by the individual specification sheets (see 5.1 and Annex A1-Annex A8).ResinPhenolic, cellulose filledPhenolic, mineral/glass filledMelaminePolyesterDiallyl iso-phthalateDiallyl ortho-phthalateSiliconeEpoxy Note 18212;There is no equivalent ISO standard.1.3 Order of PrecedenceIn the event of a conflict between the text of this specification and the references cited in Section (except for related specification sheets), the text of this specification takes precedence. Nothing in this specification, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be considered standard.

Standard Specification for Molding Compounds, Thermosetting

ASTM D6339-05 间同立构聚苯乙烯模塑与挤压成型(SPS)标准规范

1.1 This specification covers syndiotactic polystyrene materials including homopolymer, copolymers, blends, and impact modified, suitable for molding and extrusion. Recycled product will be addressed in a separate standard.1.2 This specification is intended to be a means of calling out plastic materials used in fabrication of end use items or parts. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastics field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this specification, and the economics.1.3 The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the compositions covered. Other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications can be called out using the suffixes given in Section .Note 1There is no ISO equivalent.

Standard Specification for Syndiotactic Polystyrene Molding and Extrusion (SPS)

ASTM D5948-05 热固性模铸化合物的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the basic properties of thermoset molding compounds and the test methods used to establish the properties.1.2 ClassificationMolding thermosetting plastic compounds shall be of the following resins and are covered by the individual specification sheets (see and ). Note 1There is no equivalent ISO standard.1.3 Order of PrecedenceIn the event of a conflict between the text of this specification and the references cited in Section (except for related specification sheets), the text of this specification takes precedence. Nothing in this specification, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be considered standard.

Standard Specification for Molding Compounds, Thermosetting

ASTM D6437-05 聚氨酯原材料的标准试验方法:低碱多元醇中的碱性(多元醇的CPR值的测定)

This test method is suitable for quality control, as a specification test and for research. The urethane reaction between polyols and isocyanates to form polyurethane polymers is known to be sensitive to the presence of basic substances. This is particularly important in the preparation of polyurethane prepolymers which contain isocyanate groups that are known to react in the presence of trace amounts of basic substances. Since many polyether polyols are often made with strongly basic catalysts, it is important to have an analytical method capable of detecting small quantities of residual basic substances. This test method is capable of detecting ppm levels of base (as KOH).3 1.1 This test method covers measuring alkalinity in low-alkalinity (0.002 meq/g basicity) polyols. This alkalinity is often expressed as CPR (controlled polymerization rate) of polyether polyols. This test method is not applicable to amine-based polyols.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: alkalinity in Low-Alkalinity Polyols (Determination of CPR values of Polyols)

ASTM D6339-04 间同立构聚苯乙烯模塑与挤压成型(SPS)标准规范

1.1 This specification covers syndiotactic polystyrene materials including homopolymer, copolymers and impact modified, suitable for molding and extrusion. Recycled product will be addressed in a separate standard. 1.2 This specification is intended to be a means of calling out plastic materials used in fabrication of end use items or parts. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastics field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this specification, and the economics. 1.3 The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the compositions covered. Other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications can be called out using the suffixes given in Section 5. Note 1-There is no ISO equivalent

Standard Specification for Syndiotactic Polystyrene Molding and Extrusion (SPS)

ASTM D6099-03 聚氨酯原材料的标准试验方法:中酸度至高酸度芳香异氰酸酯酸度的测定

This test method can be used for research or for quality control to characterize aromatic isocyanates and prepolymers of moderate to high acidity. Acidity correlates with performance in some polyurethane systems.1.1 this test method determines the acidity, expressed as parts per million (ppm) of HCI, in aromatic isocyanate samples of greater than 100-ppm acidity. The test method is applicable to products derived from toluene diisocyanate and methylene-bis-(4-phenylisocyanate) (see Note 1).Note 18212;This test method is equivalent to ISO 14898, Test Method A.

Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Acidity in Moderate to High Acidity Aromatic Isocyanates

ASTM D6600-00(2013) 评估橡胶试验方法试验敏感性的标准实施规程

5.1 Testing is conducted to make technical decisions on materials, processes, and products. With the continued growth in the available test methods for evaluating scientific and technical properties, a quantitative approach is needed to select test methods that have high (or highest) quality or technical merit. The procedures as defined in this practice may be used for this purpose to make testing as cost effective as possible. 5.2 One index of test method technical merit and implied sensitivity frequently used in the past has been test method precision. The precision is usually expressed as some multiple of the test measurement standard deviation for a defined testing domain. Although precision is a required quantity for test sensitivity, it is an incomplete characteristic (only one half of the necessary information) since it does not consider the discrimination power for the FP (or constituent) being evaluated. 5.3 Any attempt to evaluate relative test sensitivity for two different test methods on the basis of test measurement standard deviation ratios or variance ratios, which lack any discrimination power information content, constitutes an invalid quantitative basis for sensitivity, or technical merit evaluation. Coefficient of variation ratios (which are normalized to the mean) may constitute a valid test sensitivity evaluation only under the special condition where the two test methods under comparison are directly proportional or reciprocally related to each other. If the relationship between two test methods is nonlinear or linear with a nonzero intercept, the coefficient of variation ratios are not equivalent to the true test sensitivity as defined in this practice. See discussion of example in X1.1.4. The figure of merit defined by test sensitivity and its various classifications, categories, and types as introduced by this practice permits an authentic quantitative test sensitivity evaluation. 1.1 This practice covers testing to evaluate chemical constituents, chemical and physical properties of compounding materials, and compounded and cured rubbers, which may frequently be conducted by one or more test methods. When more than one test method is available, two questions arise: Which test method has the better (or best) response to or discrimination for the underlying fundamental property being evaluated? and Which test method has the least error? These two characteristics collectively determine one type of technical merit of test methods that may be designated as test sensitivity. 1.2 Although a comprehensive and detailed treatment, as given by this practice, is required for a full appreciation of test sensitivity, a simplified conceptual definition may be given here. Test sensitivity is the ratio of discrimination power for the fundamental property evaluated to the measurement error or uncertainty, expressed as a standard deviation. The greater the discriminating power and the lower the test error, the better is the test sensitivity. Borrowing from the terminology in electronics, this ratio has frequently been called the signal-to-noise ratio; the signal corresponding to the discrimination power and the noise corresponding to the test measurement error. Therefore, this practice describes how test sensitivity, generically defined as the signal-to-noise ratio, may be evaluated for test methods used in the rubber manufacturing industry, which measure typical physical and chemical properties, with exceptions as noted in 1.3. 1.3 This practice does not address the topic of s......

Standard Practice for Evaluating Test Sensitivity for Rubber Test Methods

ASTM D6600-00(2004) 评价橡胶试验方法的试验敏感性的标准操作规程

Testing is conducted to make technical decisions on materials, processes, and products. With the continued growth in the available test methods for evaluating scientific and technical properties, a quantitative approach is needed to select test methods that have high (or highest) quality or technical merit. The procedures as defined in this practice may be used for this purpose to make testing as cost effective as possible. One index of test method technical merit and implied sensitivity frequently used in the past has been test method precision. The precision is usually expressed as some multiple of the test measurement standard deviation for a defined testing domain. Although precision is a required quantity for test sensitivity, it is an incomplete characteristic (only one half of the necessary information) since it does not consider the discrimination power for the FP (or constituent) being evaluated. Any attempt to evaluate relative test sensitivity for two different test methods on the basis of test measurement standard deviation ratios or variance ratios, which lack any discrimination power information content, constitutes an invalid quantitative basis for sensitivity, or technical merit evaluation. Coefficient of variation ratios (which are normalized to the mean) may constitute a valid test sensitivity evaluation only under the special condition where the two test methods under comparison are directly proportional or reciprocally related to each other. If the relationship between two test methods is nonlinear or linear with a nonzero intercept, the coefficient of variation ratios are not equivalent to the true test sensitivity as defined in this practice. See discussion of example in X1.1.4. The figure of merit defined by test sensitivity and its various classifications, categories, and types as introduced by this practice permits an authentic quantitative test sensitivity evaluation.1.1 This practice covers testing to evaluate chemical constituents, chemical and physical properties of compounding materials, and compounded and cured rubbers, which may frequently be conducted by one or more test methods. When more than one test method is available, two questions arise: Which test method has the better (or best) response to or discrimination for the underlying fundamental property being evaluated? and Which test method has the least error? These two characteristics collectively determine one type of technical merit of test methods that may be designated as test sensitivity.1.2 Although a comprehensive and detailed treatment, as given by this practice, is required for a full appreciation of test sensitivity, a simplified conceptual definition may be given here. Test sensitivity is the ratio of discrimination power for the fundamental property evaluated to the measurement error or uncertainty, expressed as a standard deviation. The greater the discriminating power and the lower the test error, the better is the test sensitivity. Borrowing from the terminology in electronics, this ratio has frequently been called the signal-to-noise ratio; the signal corresponding to the discrimination power and the noise corresponding to the test measurement error. Therefore, this practice describes how test sensitivity, generically defined as the signal-to-noise ratio, may be evaluated for test methods used in the rubber manufacturing industry, which measure typical physical and chemical properties, with exceptions as noted in .1.3 This practice does not address the topic of sensitivity for threshold limits or minimum detection limits (MDL) in such applications as (1) the effect of intentional variations of compounding materials on measured compound properties or (2) the evaluation of low or trace constituent levels. Minimum detection limits are the subject of separate standards.This standard does not purport to ......

Standard Practice for Evaluating Test Sensitivity for Rubber Test Methods

ASTM D6600-00e2 评价橡胶试验方法的试验敏感性的标准操作规程

1.1 Testing to evaluate chemical constituents, chemical and physical properties of compounding materials, and compounded and cured rubbers may frequently be conducted by one or more test methods. When more than one test method is available, two questions arise: Which test method has the better (or best) response to or discrimination for the underlying fundamental property being evaluated? and Which test method has the least error? These two characteristics collectively determine one type of technical merit of test methods that may be designated as test sensitivity.1.2 Although a comprehensive and detailed treatment, as given by this practice, is required for a full appreciation of test sensitivity, a simplified conceptual definition may be given here. Test sensitivity is the ratio of discrimination power for the fundamental property evaluated to the measurement error or uncertainty, expressed as a standard deviation. The greater the discriminating power and the lower the test error, the better is the test sensitivity. Borrowing from the terminology in electronics, this ratio has frequently been called the signal-to-noise ratio; the signal corresponding to the discrimination power and the noise corresponding to the test measurement error. Therefore, this practice describes how test sensitivity, generically defined as the signal-to-noise ratio, may be evaluated for test methods used in the rubber manufacturing industry, which measure typical physical and chemical properties, with exceptions as noted in 1.3.1.3 This practice does not address the topic of sensitivity for threshold limits or minimum detection limits (MDL) in such applications as (1) the effect of intentional variations of compounding materials on measured compound properties or (2) the evaluation of low or trace constituent levels. Minimum detection limits are the subject of separate standards.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 The content of this practice is as follows:SectionScope1Referenced Documents2Terminology3Summary of Practice4Significance and Use5Measurement Process6Development of Test Sensitivity Concepts(Absolute and Relative Test Sensitivity, Limited and Extended Range Test Sensitivity, Uniform and Nonuniform Test Sensitivity)7Steps in Conducting a Test Sensitivity Evaluation Program8Report for Test Sensitivity Evaluation9Keywords10Annex A1-Background on: Use of Linear Regression Analysis and Precision of Test Sensitivity EvaluationAppendix X1-Two Examples of Relative Test Sensitivity Evaluation: Relative Test Sensitivity: Limited Range-Three Processability Tests Relative Test Sensitivity: Extended Range-Compliance versus ModulusAppendix X2--Background on: Transformation of Scale and Derivation of Absolute Sensitivity for a Simple Analytical Test

Standard Practice for Evaluating Test Sensitivity for Rubber Test Methods

ASTM D6600-00(2009) 评定橡胶试验方法的试验敏感性的标准实施规程

Testing is conducted to make technical decisions on materials, processes, and products. With the continued growth in the available test methods for evaluating scientific and technical properties, a quantitative approach is needed to select test methods that have high (or highest) quality or technical merit. The procedures as defined in this practice may be used for this purpose to make testing as cost effective as possible. One index of test method technical merit and implied sensitivity frequently used in the past has been test method precision. The precision is usually expressed as some multiple of the test measurement standard deviation for a defined testing domain. Although precision is a required quantity for test sensitivity, it is an incomplete characteristic (only one half of the necessary information) since it does not consider the discrimination power for the FP (or constituent) being evaluated. Any attempt to evaluate relative test sensitivity for two different test methods on the basis of test measurement standard deviation ratios or variance ratios, which lack any discrimination power information content, constitutes an invalid quantitative basis for sensitivity, or technical merit evaluation. Coefficient of variation ratios (which are normalized to the mean) may constitute a valid test sensitivity evaluation only under the special condition where the two test methods under comparison are directly proportional or reciprocally related to each other. If the relationship between two test methods is nonlinear or linear with a nonzero intercept, the coefficient of variation ratios are not equivalent to the true test sensitivity as defined in this practice. See discussion of example in X1.1.4. The figure of merit defined by test sensitivity and its various classifications, categories, and types as introduced by this practice permits an authentic quantitative test sensitivity evaluation.1.1 This practice covers testing to evaluate chemical constituents, chemical and physical properties of compounding materials, and compounded and cured rubbers, which may frequently be conducted by one or more test methods. When more than one test method is available, two questions arise: Which test method has the better (or best) response to or discrimination for the underlying fundamental property being evaluated? and Which test method has the least error? These two characteristics collectively determine one type of technical merit of test methods that may be designated as test sensitivity. 1.2 Although a comprehensive and detailed treatment, as given by this practice, is required for a full appreciation of test sensitivity, a simplified conceptual definition may be given here. Test sensitivity is the ratio of discrimination power for the fundamental property evaluated to the measurement error or uncertainty, expressed as a standard deviation. The greater the discriminating power and the lower the test error, the better is the test sensitivity. Borrowing from the terminology in electronics, this ratio has frequently been called the signal-to-noise ratio; the signal corresponding to the discrimination power and the noise corresponding to the test measurement error. Therefore, this practice describes how test sensitivity, generically defined as the signal-to-noise ratio, may be evaluated for test methods used in the rubber manufacturing industry, which measure typical physical and chemical properties, with exceptions as noted in 1.3. 1.3 This practice does not address the topic of sensitivity for threshold limits or minimum detection limits (MDL) in such applications as (1) the effect of intentional variations of compounding materials on measured compound properties or (2) the evaluation of low or trace constituent levels. Minimum detection limits are the subject of separate standards.

Standard Practice for Evaluating Test Sensitivity for Rubber Test Methods

ASTM D6437-99 聚氨酯原材料的标准试验方法:低碱聚合物中的碱性(聚合物中CPR值的测定)

1.1 This test method covers measuring alkalinity in low-alkalinity (less than 0.002 meq/g basicity) polyols. This alkalinity is often expressed as CPR (controlled polymerization rate) of polyether polyols. This test method is not applicable to amine-based polyols. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1-There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: alkalinity in Low-Alkalinity Polyols (Determination of CPR values of Polyols)

ASTM D6099-97 聚氨酯原材料的标准试验方法:中酸度至高酸度芳香异氰酸酯酸度的测定

1.1 this test method determines the acidity, expressed as parts per million (ppm) of HCI, in aromatic isocyanate samples of greater than 100-ppm acidity. The test method is applicable to products derived from toluene diisocyanate and methylene-bis(4-phenylisocyanate) (see Note 1). Note 1- There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Acidity in Moderate to High Acidity Aromatic Isocyanates

ASTM D6038-96 用沉降温度测定树脂/溶剂混合物兼容性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the procedure for testing the compatability of lithographic ink resins in high boiling ink solvents by precipitation temperature. 1.2 This test method uses laboratory equipment generally available in a normal, well-equipped laboratory. 1.3 This test method is for use with ink resins intended mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of resins are typically, but not limited to C9 aromatic hydrocarbon resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol or glycerine esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic anhydride modified-rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins such as gilsonite. 1.4 The typical high boiling solvents to be used are C12 to C16 petroleum distillates. 1.5 To avoid fire or injury to the operator, or both, this test method should not be used with low flash point solvents such as toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents used should be 60 degrees C (140F) as determined by Test Method D 56. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Compatability of Resin/Solvent Mixtures by Precipitation Temperature